module mux_4to1_assign ( input [3:0] a,                 // 4-bit input called a
                         input [3:0] b,                 // 4-bit input called b
                         input [3:0] c,                 // 4-bit input called c
                         input [3:0] d,                 // 4-bit input called d
                         input [1:0] sel,               // input sel used to select between a,b,c,d
                         output [3:0] out);             // 4-bit output based on input sel

   // When sel[1] is 0, (sel[0]? b:a) is selected and when sel[1] is 1, (sel[0] ? d:c) is taken
   // When sel[0] is 0, a is sent to output, else b and when sel[0] is 0, c is sent to output, else d
   assign out = sel[1] ? (sel[0] ? d : c) : (sel[0] ? b : a); 
   
endmodule

module tb_4to1_mux;

   // Declare internal reg variables to drive design inputs
   // Declare wire signals to collect design output
   // Declare other internal variables used in testbench
   reg [3:0] a;
   reg [3:0] b;
   reg [3:0] c;
   reg [3:0] d;
   wire [3:0] out;
   reg [1:0] sel;
   integer i;
   
   // Instantiate one of the designs, in this case, we have used the design with case statement
   // Connect testbench variables declared above with those in the design
   mux_4to1_assign  mux0 (   .a (a),
                           .b (b),
                           .c (c),
                           .d (d),
                           .sel (sel),
                           .out (out));

   // This initial block is the stimulus
   initial begin
      // Launch a monitor in background to display values to log whenever a/b/c/d/sel/out changes
      $monitor ("[%0t] sel=0x%0h a=0x%0h b=0x%0h c=0x%0h d=0x%0h out=0x%0h", $time, sel, a, b, c, d, out);
   
   	  // 1. At time 0, drive random values to a/b/c/d and keep sel = 0
      sel <= 0;
      a <= $random;
      b <= $random;
      c <= $random;
      d <= $random;
      
      // 2. Change the value of sel after every 5ns
      for (i = 1; i < 4; i=i+1) begin
         #5 sel <= i;
      end
      
      // 3. After Step2 is over, wait for 5ns and finish simulation
      #5 $finish;
   end
 
endmodule